Bikram yoga is hot, literally and figuratively. The brainchild of yoga master Bikram Choudhury, who created a form of yoga consisting a grueling 90-minute sequence of 26 yoga poses in a room heated to 105 degrees, Bikram yoga has become extremely popular. The heat increases the intensity of the workout, but research to date doesn't support claims that a Bikram yoga session is a cardio workout. Writing in the "Huffington Post," fitness trainer and author Ben Greenfield opines there is "zero chance" that a hot yoga class constitutes an adequate cardio workout.
Benefits of Cardio
Cardio workouts, which call for a sustained period of physical activity that gets your heart working hard, yield a myriad of health benefits. Thirty minutes of moderate-intensity exercise five days per week strengthens your heart and reduces your chances for heart disease. But as the IDEA Health & Fitness website explains, a cardio workout also helps protect against many other serious illnesses and conditions, including strokes, certain types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, arthritis, stress and depression.
Benefits of Bikram Yoga
Bikram and other forms of yoga produce significant benefits, including an increase in flexibility and balance and a decrease in stress. A 2006 University of Wisconsin study, reported in the Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, compared one group that participated in basic yoga sessions against a non-yoga control group. It discovered that the yoga participants increased flexibility, balance, muscle strength and endurance, enabling them to do significantly more push-ups and curl-ups.
The Claim
Some Bikram yoga advocates claim that a 90-minute session burns 500 to 1,000 calories. This would compare favorably with other forms of vigorous cardio workouts such as running at a decent pace. The claim is based on the theory that the heat and humidity in a Bikram yoga room creates a higher oxygen demand than normal conditions and forces the lungs and heart to work hard enough to constitute an aerobic workout.
The Research
The 2006 Wisconsin study also measured potential improvement in the aerobic capacity of the group that participated in yoga classes against the non-yoga control group. It found no significant changes or improvements in aerobic function. As research study leader John Pocari told ACE Fitness Matters, "To improve aerobic capacity, you really have to be working in the aerobic training zone. Based on what we found, the intensity just wasn't there." A study in 2007 found that Ashtanga yoga, more vigorous than regular yoga classes, was more aerobic, but only compared in intensity to gardening or walking the dog. At the IDEA website, trainer and yoga instructor Elizabeth Bain states that a heated yoga room, in and of itself, doesn't enable you to burn more calories or increase the intensity of your workout. "If it did, the most popular way of losing weight would be to lounge around in the sauna!"
Considerations
Check with your doctor before starting a new exercise routine, such as Bikram yoga. MayoClinic.com says that heat and humidity in a hot yoga room can lead to dehydration, heat exhaustion and even heat stroke, a potentially fatal condition. People with heart disease, high blood pressure, a history of heat illnesses and pregnant women should avoid hot yoga.
References
- Journal of Bodywork and Movement: Heart Rate in Yoga Asana Practices: A Comparison of Styles
- IDEA Health & Fitness Association: Does Doing Yoga in a Heated Room Help with Weight Loss Compared to Doing Yoga in a Regular Temperature Room?
- American Council of Exercise Fitness Matters: Does Yoga Really Do a Body Good?
- MayoClinic.com: What's Different About Hot Yoga?
Writer Bio
Jim Thomas has been a freelance writer since 1978. He wrote a book about professional golfers and has written magazine articles about sports, politics, legal issues, travel and business for national and Northwest publications. He received a Juris Doctor from Duke Law School and a Bachelor of Science in political science from Whitman College.